D'ANVILLE, J-B-B. - Atlas.

Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville was perhaps the most important and prolific cartographer of the 18th century.
He engraved his first map at the age of fifteen and produced many maps of high quality throughout his career. He became the finest cartographer of his time and carried on the French school of cartography developed by the Sanson and the de L'Isle families.
Although he apparently never left the city of Paris, he had access to the reports and maps of French explorers, traders, and missionaries. During his long career he accumulated a large collection of cartographic materials that has been preserved. He was particularly interested in Asia and produced the first reasonably accurate map of China in 1735.
He became Royal Geographer and Cartographer to the King of France in the middle of the eighteenth century, at a time when French cartography was still considered to be the best in the world.
He was the successor to Guillaume Delisle as the chief proponent of scientific cartography, and his influence on his contemporaries was profound.

To illustrate the cartography of the middle to latter part of the eighteenth century a d'Anville map is essential. He was foremost in using the latest and most accurate cartographic information available. From the latest discoveries of the many French explorers to information available from explorers such as Cook and others. And unlike many cartographers of the day, he was not adverse to leave blank spaces in his maps, where knowledge was insufficient.

R.V. Tooley write : "D'Anville was the finest cartographer of his time, his attention to detail was exemplary, his maps having a great delicacy of engraving".

Thomas Basset and Philip Porter write: "It was because of D'Anville's resolve to depict only those features which could be proven to be true that his maps are often said to represent a scientific reformation in cartography." (The Journal of African History, Vol. 32, No. 3 (1991), pp. 367-413).

D'Anville and Thomas Jefferson
D'Anville's maps draw on material gathered from several French expeditions made during the first half of the eighteenth century. At this time the French were intent on finding a trade route to the western Indians and to Santa Fe and also on preempting Spanish expansion into the Mississippi river valleys.
Around 1720, Jean Baptiste Bénard de La Harpe undertook two expeditions to explore the Red and Arkansas rivers and part of what is now Oklahoma. At roughly the same time, Claude-Charles du Tisné journeyed by land to the source of the Osage River and explored southeastern Kansas.
Maps engraved by d'Anville incorporated the discoveries of La Harpe and Tisné and significantly improved the geographic knowledge of the Mississippi and Missouri river regions.

It is known that Thomas Jefferson acquired seven maps by d'Anville in 1787, and although the titles of the maps he acquired are not known, Jefferson must have been familiar with d'Anville's maps of North America, including "Carte de la Louisiane."
In a letter to Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin relating to a newly commissioned map of North America, Jefferson discussed the use of d'Anville as a reference for the lower Mississippi basin.
Meriwether Lewis obtained a copy prior to the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

D'Anville's map "Carte de la Louisiane shows the Gulf Coast from the Tallahassee area to around the mouth of the Sabine in Texas, one of the best obtainable large format maps of the region from this period. The map tracks the Mississippi, Arkansas, Red, Osage and Missouri Rivers, and includes excellent large inset of the Mississippi River Valley from the Arkansas to above the Missouri Rivers.
Most of the information was derived from Valentin Devin, who arrived in Pensacola in 1719 (under the auspices of John Law's Company of the West) and began producing highly regarded maps immediately upon his arrival on the Gulf Coast, until expelled by the Spanish after a three year struggle. Devin used his information and materials gathered from Le Maire and others to produce a number of manuscript maps which were sent back to France and resulted in a series of maps by De L'Isle, Buache and finally d'Anville, whose maps of the Gulf Coast formed the standard for a number of years.

D'Anville's two-sheet map "Amerique Septentrionale". Publiee sous les auspices de Monseigneur le Duc d'Orleans, Premier Prince du Sang. Par le Sr. d'Anville, M DCC XLVI" depicts a "Grande Riviére" running to the west out of the "Lac des Bois" with a note that it was discovered by an Indian named Ochagac, or Ochagach, a reference to the accounts of La Vérendrye and his sons. The map labels the upper Missouri the "Pekitanoui R." Only the upper half of "Amérique Septentrionale" is exhibited. Shows boundaries of Treaty of 1763 and Ft. Duquesne.
References : Wagner, 552; Lowery, 382; Taliaferro, 134; Checklist of printed maps of the Middle West to 1900, 1-0598; Karpinski, LVIII; Tooley, Printed maps of America, 104; cf P571, 572, 599; NMM 200.

China and Korea
Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d’Anville beautifully printed and splendidly illustrated "Nouvel atlas de la Chine, de la Tartarie chinoise, et du Thibet" is the summation of European knowledge on China in the 18th-century. It was begun by the Jesuit missionaries to China in 1708, and their completed manuscripts were presented to the Emperor Kang-hi in 1718. Kang-hi ordered further surveys and from them were constructed the well-known maps forwarded to father Du Halde and used by d'Anville for this Du Haldes "Description … de l'empire de la Chine et de la Tartarie chinoise" (1736) and his Atlas (1737).
This atlas contains a very detailed two-sheet map of the Far East (map 22 and 22a) including China, Korea and Japan.
The map is dated 1752 and it becomes clear that he has incorporated the sources for of his "Nouvel atlas de la Chine".

Atlas in elephant folio (book block measuring 580x375 mm.), bound in contemp. half calf with gilted label on spine "ATLAS DE D'ANVILLE", 59 pages multisheet maps, actual map sheet count is 42. Maps dated 1743-1786. This set is accompanied by a 4 pages printed broadsheet "Mémoire instructif. . . En Mars MDCCXXXII D'Anville, Geographe ordinaire du Roy. Permis d'imprimer ce 21 Mars 1732, Herault" and 4 pages manuscript text in pen and brown ink "Mémoire instructif pour faire la carte (de d'Anville)..."
Very good condition inside the book block, the two sheet map of Africa has slight overall browning, the others printed on fine white thick paper and coloured in outline. Damaged spine, needs restoration.

The maps are copper engravings with original out line colour, most are double page, some folding, multi sheet maps. The first 39 maps have a number 1-39 in brown ink in a contemporary hand on verso.
The cartouches on many of the maps are designed by his brother; Hubert-François Bourguignon, commonly known as Gravelot (26 March 1699 — 20 April 1773). Gravelot was a engraver, a famous book illustrator, designer and drawing-master. Born in Paris, he emigrated to London in 1732, where he quickly became a central figure in the introduction of the Rococo style in British design, which was disseminated from London in this period, through the media of book illustrations and engraved designs as well as by the examples of luxury goods in the "French taste" brought down from London to provincial towns and country houses. The maps are engraved by the master engravers Guillaume De la Haye, Major, Delafosse.

Most of d'Anville's atlases were made up for the individual customer, so it appears that no two are alike.
The atlas contains the following maps, extra maps, broad sheet and manuscript note:

Ancient world :
1. - Orbis veteribus notus.
2. - Orbis romani pars occidentalis.
3. - Orbis romani pars orientalis.
4. - Gallia antiqua.
5. - Tabula Italiæ antiquæ geographica.
6. - Græciæ antiquæ specimen geographicum.
7. - Asiæ, quæ vulgo minor dicitur, et Syriæ tabula geographica. (with minor spotting)
8. - La Palestine.
9. - Ad antiquam Indiæ geographiam tabula.
10. - Ægyptus antiqua.

Europe / World map :
11. - Germanie, France, Italie, Espagne, Isles britanniques dans un âge intermédiaire de l'ancienne géographie et de la moderne.
12. - Hémisphère oriental ou de l'Ancien Monde. Revu et augmenté des découvertes, en 1786 par M.Barbié du Bocage. With many updates in Australia.
13. - Hémisphère occidental ou du Nouveau Monde. Revu et augmenté des découvertes, en 1786 par M.Barbié du Bocage. With many updates in USA.

Jean Denis Barbie Du Bocage (1760-1825)
Studied at the Mazarin College in Paris and became in 1777 the only pupil of Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville.
In 1780, aged 20, he worked for the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and, from 1785 he worked for the library of "Cabinet des médailles de la Bibliothéque du roi" and moved in 1792 to the Geography department in the same part of the same library.
Since 1797 a member of "du conseil de géographie du bureau du cadastre du ministère de l'intérieur" and in 1802 he was responsible of various geographical works, among a map of the Morea (Peloponnese) for the Ministry of War. From 1803 to 1809, he was a geographer at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and became the first professor of geography at the Faculty of Arts of Paris from 1809 to 1825.
He gathered a large collection of maps and geographic documents, his library was sold after his death in February 1850.

Being a pupil of d'Anville, it was clear that Jean Denis Barbie Du Bocage was asked to update the d'Anville maps after the Treaty of Paris (1783). The very large two-sheet double hemisphere world map (over 3ft, 1m) who was engraved by Guillaume Nicolas Delahaye in 1761 is heavenly updated to 1786. The states of "Virginie", "Caroline" are removed and replaced by "ETATS-UNIS". Alaska, Cape Cod, Savanah, S.Paul and the discoveries of Captain Cook, including an early appearance of the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii) are now added to the plate. The latest discoveries by Cook in NW of America are also included. Bocage has included nearly all Cooks detail of New Zealand.
In the western hemisphere, especially Australia has many place names added.

14. - Première partie de la carte d'Europe contenant la France, l'Alemagne, l'Italie, l'Espagne & les isles britanniqs (2-sheet map of Europe, to be joined with 14a).
14a. - [Première partie de la carte d'Europe contenant la France…] (To be joined with map 14).
15. - Seconde partie de la carte d'Europe contenant le Danemark et la Norwège, la Suède et la Russie. (2-sheet map of Russia and Scandinavia to be joined with 15a).
15a. - [Seconde partie de la carte d'Europe contenant le Danemark…] (To be joined with map 15).
16. - Troisième partie de la carte d'Europe contenant le Midi de la Russie, la Pologne et la Hongrie, la Turquie. (2-sheet map of Central Europe and Turkey, to be joined with 16a).
16a. - [Troisième partie de la carte d'Europe…] (To be joined with map 16).
17. - La France divisée en provinces et en généralités.
18. - La France divisée en provinces et en généralités.
19. - L'Italie… (2-sheet map of Italy).
19a. - [L'Italie… ] (To be joined with map 19).
20. - Les Côtes de la Grèce et l'archipel.

Asia :
21. - Première partie de la carte d'Asie contenant la Turquie, l'Arabie, la Perse, l'Inde en deça du Gange et de la Tartarie (2-sheet map of Near East, to be joined with 21a).
21a. - [Première partie de la carte d'Asie…] (To be joined with map 21).
22. - Seconde partie de la carte d'Asie contenant la Chine et partie de la Tartarie, l'Inde au-delà du Gange, les Isles Sumatra, Java, Bornéo, Moluques, Philippines, et du Japon (2-sheet map of the Far East, to be joined with 22a).
22a. - [Seconde partie de la carte d'Asie…] (To be joined with 22, Showing China, Korea and Japan).
23. - Troisième partie de la carte d'Asie, contenant la Sibérie, et quelques autres parties de la Tartarie (2-sheet map of Russia and Siberia, to be joined with 23a).
23a. - [Troisième partie de la carte d'Asie,..] (To be joined with 23. Showing Siberia and Kamchatka and northern tip of Japan).
24. - Carte de l'Inde dressée pour la Compagnie des Indes (4-sheet map of India and Siam. Two joined sheets of northern India, to be joined with 24a).
24a. - [Carte de l'Inde …] (2 joined steets, to be joined with map 24.).
25. - Coromandel (2-sheet map of Coromandel coast, to be joined with map 25a).
25a. - Coromandel. (to bejoined with map 25).
26. - Golfe persique.
27. - Essai d'une nouvelle carte de la mer Caspienne.
28. - Carte de la Phœnicie et des environs de Damas.
29. - L'Euphrate et le Tigre.
30. - Golfe Arabique ou mer Rouge.

Africa :
31. - Afrique (4-sheet map of Africa, 2 joined sheets).
31a. - [Afrique] (2 joined sheets with map 31.)
32. - Égypte nommée dans le pays Missir.
33. - Carte particulière de la côte occidentale de l'Afrique depuis le cap Blanc usqu'au cap de Verga, et du cours des rivières de Sénéga et de Gambie […] dressée pour la Compagnie des Indes (2-sheet map, to be joined with 33a).
33a. - [Carte particulière de la côte occidentale de l'Afrique… ] (to be joined with map 33).
34. - Guinée entre Sierre-Lione et le passage de la ligne.

America :
35. - Amérique septentrionale (4-sheet map of North America, 2 joined sheets).
35a. -[ Amérique septentrionale] (2 joined sheets with map 35.)
36. - Canada, Louisiane et terres angloises (4-Sheet map of Canada and New England, to be joined with 36a, 36b, 37).
36a. - [Canada, Louisiane et terres angloises]
36b. - [Canada, Louisiane et terres angloises]
37. - Le Fleuve Saint-Laurent.
38. - Carte de la Louisiane (2 joined sheets).
39. - Amérique méridionale ( 6-sheet map of South America, 2 joined sheets).
39a. - [Amérique méridionale] (2 joined sheets with 39 and 39b).
39b. - [Amérique méridionale] (2 joined sheets with 39 and 39a).

Bound with :
(40) - Printed letter press by d'Anville, Mémoire instructif pour que dans toutes les paroisses d'un diocèse, il soit dressé en meme-tems uniformément, par une mèthode aisée à pratiquer, des cartes & des mémoires particuliers, qui puissent fournir un détail suffisant pour la carte générale de ce diocése ou d'une province. A Paris, chez Louis-Denis Delatour, 1732. 4 pp. in-folio.
(41) - Anonymous manuscript in brown ink : Mémoire instructif pour faire la carte (de d'Anville). No date. 4 pp. in-4. Detailed description about how to draw a map.
(42) - Double page circulair projection with orientations and topographical icons and signs.
(43) - Carte topographique du diocèse de Lizieux.
(44) - Position des points discutés dans l'analyse géographique de l'Italie par le sr d'Anville.
(45) - Parallèle du contour de l'Italie selon les cartes de MM. De l'Isle et Sanson, et celle qui résulte de l'Analyse géographique de ce continent par le s. d'Anville.